02415     2200301   4500001002100000005001500021035002000036008004100056020002200097041000800119082001300127084001900140100002500159245010100184260005600285300002400341500002900365520146100394650003901855650004101894650002801935990002501963990002501988990002502013990002502038990002502063990002502088INLIS00000000000935720221102020230  a0010-0520009357221102                |          | eng    a978-0-674-00583-X  aeng  a342.7302  a342.7302 WHI c0 aWhittington, Keith E1 aConstitutional Construction :bDivided Powers and Constitutional Meaning /cKeith E. Whittington  aCambridge, Mass. :bHarvard University Press,c2001  ax, 303 p. ;c24 cm.  aIndeks : 342.730 2 WHI C  aThis book argues that the Constitution has a dual nature. The first aspect, on which legal scholars have focused, is the degree to which the Constitution acts as a binding set of rules that can be neutrally interpreted and externally enforced by the courts against government actors. This is the process of constitutional interpretation. But according to Keith Whittington, the Constitution also permeates politics itself, to guide and constrain political actors in the very process of making public policy. In so doing, it is also dependent on political actors, both to formulate authoritative constitutional requirements and to enforce those fundamental settlements in the future. Whittington characterizes this process, by which constitutional meaning is shaped within politics at the same time that politics is shaped by the Constitution, as one of construction as opposed to interpretation. Whittington goes on to argue that ambiguities in the constitutional text and changes in the political situation push political actors to construct their own constitutional understanding. The construction of constitutional meaning is a necessary part of the political process and a regular part of our nation's history, how a democracy lives with a written constitution. The Constitution both binds and empowers government officials. Whittington develops his argument through intensive analysis of four important cases: the impeachments of Justice Samuel Chase. 4aConstitutional law --United States 4aSeparation of powers --United States 4aLaw --Political aspects  a22459/MKRI-P/XI-2011  a22460/MKRI-P/XI-2011  a22459/MKRI-P/XI-2011  a22460/MKRI-P/XI-2011  a22460/MKRI-P/XI-2011  a22459/MKRI-P/XI-2011