01787     2200253   4500001002100000005001500021035002000036008004100056020002200097041000800119082001000127084001600137100001600153245010700169250001100276260005100287300002500338520103200363650002101395650001501416650005001431990002601481990002601507INLIS00000000000964820221110094304  a0010-0520009648221110                |          | eng    a978-1-107-03161-6  aeng  a320.6  a320.6 AHM d0 aAhmed, Amel1 aDemocracy and The Politics of Electoral System Choice :bEngineering Electoral Dominance /cAmel Ahmed  aCet. 1  aCambridge :bCambridge University Press,c2013  axii, 228 p. ;c24 cm  aAmel Ahmed brings new historical evidence and a novel theoretical framework to bear on the study of democratization. Looking at the politics of electoral system choice at the time of suffrage expansion among early democratizers, she shows that the electoral systems used in advanced democracies today were initially devised as exclusionary safeguards to protect pre-democratic elites from the impact of democratization and, particularly, the existential threat posed by working class mobilization. The ubiquitous use and enduring nature of these safeguards calls into question the familiar picture of democracy moving along a path of increasing inclusiveness. Instead, what emerges is a picture that is riddled with ambiguity, where inclusionary democratic reforms combine with exclusionary electoral safeguards to form a permanent part of the new democratic order. This book has important implications for our understanding of the dynamics of democratic development both in early democracies and in emerging democracies today. 4aDemocratization. 4aDemocracy. 4aRepresentative government and representation.  a26492/MKRI-P/XII-2018  a26492/MKRI-P/XII-2018